Which type of air mass is typically associated with dry, stable conditions?

The type of air mass that is typically associated with dry, stable conditions is continental polar. This air mass originates over land in polar regions, leading to its characteristics. Being formed over cold land areas, it tends to be dry because it has limited moisture availability, which helps maintain its stability.

Continental polar air masses are generally colder and denser, which contributes to their stability, resulting in clear skies and little precipitation. This stability occurs because the cooler air remains at ground level, preventing vertical mixing that could lead to cloud formation and storms.

In contrast, the other types of air masses have different characteristics. Maritime tropical, for instance, is warm and humid due to its formation over warm ocean waters, leading to unstable air conditions and potential cloudiness and storms. Maritime polar also brings moisture and can lead to cloud formation, while continental tropical, although dry, is typically warmer and can be associated with convective instability, resulting in thunderstorms in some cases.