Which term describes the process by which water vapor changes to the liquid state?

The process by which water vapor changes to the liquid state is known as condensation. This occurs when water vapor in the atmosphere cools down and loses energy, leading to the transformation from gas to liquid. This is a crucial process in the water cycle that contributes to cloud formation. As water vapor rises in the atmosphere, it can cool and condense on particles, forming tiny droplets that eventually coalesce to create clouds.

In contrast, precipitation refers to water that falls to the ground in various forms (like rain, snow, sleet), evaporation is the process where liquid water turns into vapor, and sublimation involves the transition of water from solid (ice) directly to vapor without becoming liquid. Understanding these processes highlights the dynamic nature of water within the atmosphere and its importance in weather patterns and climate.