Which effect does lowering the temperature of air have on its ability to hold water vapor?

Lowering the temperature of air decreases its ability to hold water vapor because cooler air can hold less moisture compared to warmer air. This is due to the concept of saturation vapor pressure, which is the maximum amount of water vapor that air can contain at a given temperature. As temperature decreases, the saturation vapor pressure also decreases, meaning that the air becomes saturated with moisture at a lower concentration of water vapor. Consequently, this leads to the formation of dew, fog, or precipitation when the air reaches this lower saturation point. The inverse relationship between temperature and the air's moisture-holding capacity is fundamental in understanding atmospheric moisture dynamics.