Which air mass is typically dry and warm, originating over land?

The air mass that is typically dry and warm, and originates over land, is continental tropical. This type of air mass develops in regions with high temperatures and low humidity, particularly in desert or semi-arid areas. Because it forms over land, it lacks significant moisture, which contributes to its dryness.

Continental tropical air masses are characterized by their high temperatures and lower moisture content, making them significantly different from other types of air masses. For example, maritime polar air masses originate over oceans and are moist, while maritime tropical air masses are also moisture-rich but stem from warm ocean regions. Continental polar air masses, on the other hand, are cold and dry, originating from polar land areas. This understanding of the characteristics and origins of different air masses is crucial in meteorology, as it helps predict weather patterns and conditions related to temperature and humidity.