What role does condensation nuclei play in the atmosphere?

Condensation nuclei are small particles, such as dust, smoke, or salt, that are essential for the process of cloud formation. When the air cools, water vapor needs a surface to condense on to form liquid water droplets. These particles serve as the necessary surfaces, allowing water vapor to transition from its gaseous state to a liquid state by condensing around them. This process is crucial for cloud development and ultimately impacts weather patterns and precipitation. Without condensation nuclei, water vapor might remain in the atmosphere as a gas, inhibiting the formation of clouds and precipitation.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary function of condensation nuclei in the atmosphere. While solar radiation is vital for atmospheric processes, condensation nuclei do not trap it. They also do not directly generate wind currents or increase atmospheric pressure; their key role is focused on facilitating the condensation of water vapor.