What is the impact of larger droplets colliding with hailstones?

The impact of larger droplets colliding with hailstones significantly contributes to the growth and structure of hailstones by adding clear layers to them. Hailstones form when supercooled water droplets – liquid water that exists below freezing temperature – come into contact with ice nuclei and freeze upon impact. When larger droplets collide with the growing hailstone, they can freeze upon contact, adding additional layers of ice. This results in the hailstone developing a multi-layered structure, which is characterized by alternating layers of clear and opaque ice depending on the conditions in the atmosphere during its formation.

The process of layer formation is essential for the growth of hailstones, as it allows them to increase in size and mass, which contributes to the potential damage they can cause when they fall to the ground. Clear layers specifically indicate that there was sufficient time for the supercooled droplets to spread and freeze evenly, contributing to the overall density and strength of the hailstone.